CVE Database - Open Redirect

n8n is a workflow automation platform. Versions prior to 1.98.0 have an Open Redirect vulnerability in the login flow. Authenticated users can be redirected to untrusted, attacker-controlled domains after logging in, by crafting malicious URLs with a misleading redirect query parameter. This may lead to phishing attacks by impersonating the n8n UI on lookalike domains (e.g., n8n.local.evil.com), credential or 2FA theft if users are tricked into re-entering sensitive information, and/or reputation risk due to the visual similarity between attacker-controlled domains and trusted ones. The vulnerability affects anyone hosting n8n and exposing the `/signin` endpoint to users. The issue has been patched in version 1.98.0. All users should upgrade to this version or later. The fix introduces strict origin validation for redirect URLs, ensuring only same-origin or relative paths are allowed after login.

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Xuxueli xxl-sso 1.1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /xxl-sso-server/doLogin. The manipulation of the argument redirect_url leads to open redirect. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

URL redirection to an untrusted site ('Open Redirect') in Kibana can lead to sending a user to an arbitrary site and server-side request forgery via a specially crafted URL.

When a URL was provided in a link querystring parameter, Firefox for Android would follow that URL instead of the correct URL, potentially leading to phishing attacks. *This bug only affects Firefox for Android. Other versions of Firefox are unaffected.* This vulnerability affects Firefox < 140.

A vulnerability was found in java-aodeng Hope-Boot 1.0.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function doLogin of the file /src/main/java/com/hope/controller/WebController.java of the component Login. The manipulation of the argument redirect_url leads to open redirect. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

IBM Process Mining 2.0.1 IF001 and 2.0.1 could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim.

FastGPT is an AI Agent building platform. Prior to version 4.9.12, the LastRoute Parameter on login page is vulnerable to open redirect and DOM-based XSS. Improper validation and lack of sanitization of this parameter allows attackers execute malicious JavaScript or redirect them to attacker-controlled sites. This issue has been patched in version 4.9.12.

A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in PHPGurukul COVID19 Testing Management System 2021. Affected is an unknown function of the file /search-report-result.php. The manipulation of the argument q leads to open redirect. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Starting in version 2.2.0 and prior to 2.5.0, urllib3 does not control redirects in browsers and Node.js. urllib3 supports being used in a Pyodide runtime utilizing the JavaScript Fetch API or falling back on XMLHttpRequest. This means Python libraries can be used to make HTTP requests from a browser or Node.js. Additionally, urllib3 provides a mechanism to control redirects, but the retries and redirect parameters are ignored with Pyodide; the runtime itself determines redirect behavior. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in FunnelKit Automation By Autonami allows Phishing. This issue affects Automation By Autonami: from n/a through 3.6.0.

An open redirection vulnerability in M-Files mobile applications for Android and iOS prior to version 25.6.0 allows attackers to use maliciously crafted PDF files to trick other users into making requests to untrusted URLs.

A vulnerability has been found in Astun Technology iShare Maps 5.4.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file atCheckJS.aspx. The manipulation of the argument ref leads to open redirect. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

SolarWinds Observability Self-Hosted is susceptible to an open redirection vulnerability. The URL is not properly sanitized, and an attacker could manipulate the string to redirect a user to a malicious site. The attack complexity is high, and authentication is required.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Automattic Newspack Newsletters allows Phishing. This issue affects Newspack Newsletters: from n/a through 3.13.0.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Constant Contact Plugin allows Phishing. This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Constant Contact Plugin: from n/a through 1.1.0.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Salesforce allows Phishing. This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Salesforce: from n/a through 1.4.7.

An open redirection vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to improper validation of the multi-option URL in the authentication endpoint when multi-option authentication is enabled. A malicious actor can craft a valid link that redirects users to an attacker-controlled site. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker may trick users into visiting a malicious page, enabling phishing attacks to harvest sensitive information or perform other harmful actions.

Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. Prior to versions 2.70.12, 2.71.10, and 3.2.2, a potential vulnerability exists in the password reset mechanism. ZITADEL utilizes the Forwarded or X-Forwarded-Host header from incoming requests to construct the URL for the password reset confirmation link. This link, containing a secret code, is then emailed to the user. If an attacker can manipulate these headers (e.g., via host header injection), they could cause ZITADEL to generate a password reset link pointing to a malicious domain controlled by the attacker. If the user clicks this manipulated link in the email, the secret reset code embedded in the URL can be captured by the attacker. This captured code could then be used to reset the user's password and gain unauthorized access to their account. This specific attack vector is mitigated for accounts that have Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) or Passwordless authentication enabled. This issue has been patched in versions 2.70.12, 2.71.10, and 3.2.2.

SummaryThis advisory addresses an Open Redirection vulnerability in Mautic's user unlocking endpoint. This vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker to redirect legitimate users to malicious websites, potentially leading to phishing attacks or the delivery of exploit kits. Open Redirection via returnUrl Parameter: An Open Redirection vulnerability exists in the /s/action/unlock/user.user/0 endpoint. The returnUrl parameter, intended for post-action redirection, is not properly validated. This allows an attacker to craft a URL that, when clicked by a user, redirects them to an arbitrary external website controlled by the attacker. MitigationUpdate Mautic to a version that properly validates or sanitizes the returnUrl parameter to ensure that redirects only occur to trusted, internal URLs or explicitly whitelisted domains.

A vulnerability was found in Summer Pearl Group Vacation Rental Management Platform up to 1.0.1 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Header Handler. The manipulation of the argument Host leads to open redirect. The attack may be initiated remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.2 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.

CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Grafana caused by combining a client path traversal and open redirect. This allows attackers to redirect users to a website that hosts a frontend plugin that will execute arbitrary JavaScript. This vulnerability does not require editor permissions and if anonymous access is enabled, the XSS will work. If the Grafana Image Renderer plugin is installed, it is possible to exploit the open redirect to achieve a full read SSRF. The default Content-Security-Policy (CSP) in Grafana will block the XSS though the `connect-src` directive.

The Affiliate Sales in Google Analytics and other tools plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Open Redirect in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.9. This is due to insufficient validation on the redirect url supplied via the 'afflink' parameter. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to redirect users to potentially malicious sites if they can successfully trick them into performing an action.

In JetBrains TeamCity before 2025.03.2 open redirect was possible on editing VCS Root page

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in kanwangzjm Funiture up to 71ca0fb0658b3d839d9e049ac36429207f05329b. Affected is the function doPost of the file /funiture-master/src/main/java/com/app/mvc/acl/servlet/LoginServlet.java of the component Login. The manipulation of the argument ret leads to open redirect. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available.

Flask-AppBuilder is an application development framework built on top of Flask. Versions prior to 4.6.2 would allow for a malicious unauthenticated actor to perform an open redirect by manipulating the Host header in HTTP requests. Flask-AppBuilder 4.6.2 introduced the `FAB_SAFE_REDIRECT_HOSTS` configuration variable, which allows administrators to explicitly define which domains are considered safe for redirection. As a workaround, use a reverse proxy to enforce trusted host headers.

Open redirection vulnerability in IceWarp Mail Server affecting version 11.4.0. This vulnerability allows an attacker to redirect a user to any domain by sending a malicious URL to the victim, for example “ https://icewarp.domain.com//<MALICIOUS_DOMAIN>/%2e%2e” https://icewarp.domain.com///%2e%2e” . This vulnerability has been tested in Firefox.

Horilla is a free and open source Human Resource Management System (HRMS). In versions up to and including 1.3, an attacker can craft a Horilla URL that refers to an external domain. Upon clicking and logging in, the user is redirected to an external domain. This allows the redirection to any arbitrary site, including phishing or malicious domains, which can be used to impersonate Horilla and trick users. Commit 1c72404df6888bb23af73c767fdaee5e6679ebd6 fixes the issue.

The wccp-pro WordPress plugin before 15.3 contains an open-redirect flaw via the referrer parameter, allowing redirection of users to external sites

The Payment Gateway for Telcell WordPress plugin through 2.0.1 does not validate the api_url parameter before redirecting the user to its value, leading to an Open Redirect issue

The Live Auction Cockpit in SAP Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) uses a deprecated java applet component within the affected SRM packages which allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a malicious link, which when clicked by a victim, redirects the browser to a malicious site. On successful exploitation, the attacker could cause low impact on confidentiality and integrity with no impact on the availability of the application.

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Catalyst User Key Authentication Plugin 20220819 on Moodle. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /auth/userkey/logout.php of the component Logout. The manipulation of the argument return leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Improper Input Validation, the returnUrl parameter in Account Security Settings lacks proper input validation, allowing attackers to redirect users to malicious websites (Open Redirect) and inject JavaScript code to perform cross site scripting attack. The vulnerability affects Halo versions up to 2.174.101 and all versions between 2.175.1 and 2.184.21

insa-auth is an authentication server for INSA Rouen. A minor issue allowed third-party websites to access the server's secondary authentication bridge, potentially revealing basic student information (name and number). However, the issue posed minimal risk, was never exploited, and had limited impact. A fix was implemented promptly on May 3, 2025.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in formsintegrations Integrations of Zoho CRM with Elementor form allows Phishing. This issue affects Integrations of Zoho CRM with Elementor form: from n/a through 1.0.7.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Zendesk allows Phishing. This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Zendesk: from n/a through 1.1.2.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks Integration for WooCommerce and Salesforce allows Phishing. This issue affects Integration for WooCommerce and Salesforce: from n/a through 1.7.5.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Dynamics CRM allows Phishing. This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Dynamics CRM: from n/a through 1.1.4.

A vulnerability was found in fp2952 spring-cloud-base up to 7f050dc6db9afab82c5ce1d41cd74ed255ec9bfa. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function sendBack of the file /spring-cloud-base-master/auth-center/auth-center-provider/src/main/java/com/peng/auth/provider/config/web/MvcController.java of the component HTTP Header Handler. The manipulation of the argument Referer leads to open redirect. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available.

@misskey-dev/summaly is a tool for getting a summary of a web page. Starting in version 3.0.1 and prior to version 5.2.1, a logic error in the main `summaly` function causes the `allowRedirects` option to never be passed to any plugins, and as a result, isn't enforced. Misskey will follow redirects, despite explicitly requesting not to. Version 5.2.1 contains a patch for the issue.

The OAuth implementation in workers-oauth-provider that is part of MCP framework https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-mcp , did not correctly validate that redirect_uri was on the allowed list of redirect URIs for the given client registration. Fixed in:  https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/26 https://github.com/cloudflare/workers-oauth-provider/pull/26 Impact: Under certain circumstances (see below), if a victim had previously authorized with a server built on workers-oath-provider, and an attacker could later trick the victim into visiting a malicious web site, then attacker could potentially steal the victim's credentials to the same OAuth server and subsequently impersonate them. In order for the attack to be possible, the OAuth server's authorized callback must be designed to auto-approve authorizations that appear to come from an OAuth client that the victim has authorized previously. The authorization flow is not implemented by workers-oauth-provider; it is up to the application built on top to decide whether to implement such automatic re-authorization. However, many applications do implement such logic. Note: It is a basic, well-known requirement that OAuth servers should verify that the redirect URI is among the allowed list for the client, both during the authorization flow and subsequently when exchanging the authorization code for an access token. workers-oauth-provider implemented only the latter check, not the former. Unfortunately, the former is the much more important check. Readers who are familiar with OAuth may recognize that failing to check redirect URIs against the allowed list is a well-known, basic mistake, covered extensively in the RFC and elsewhere. The author of this library would like everyone to know that he was, in fact, well-aware of this requirement, thought about it a lot while designing the library, and then, somehow, forgot to actually make sure the check was in the code. That is, it's not that he didn't know what he was doing, it's that he knew what he was doing but flubbed it.

Websites directing users to long URLs that caused eliding to occur in the location view could leverage the truncating behavior to potentially trick users into thinking they were on a different webpage This vulnerability affects Focus < 138.

XWiki is a generic wiki platform. In versions starting from 13.5-rc-1 to before 15.10.13, from 16.0.0-rc-1 to before 16.4.4, and from 16.5.0-rc-1 to before 16.8.0, an open redirect vulnerability in the HTML conversion request filter allows attackers to construct URLs on an XWiki instance that redirects to any URL. This issue has been patched in versions 15.10.13, 16.4.4, and 16.8.0.

An open redirect vulnerability was reported in the FileZ client that could allow information disclosure if a crafted url is visited by a local user.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Heateor Support Sassy Social Share allows Phishing. This issue affects Sassy Social Share: from n/a through 3.3.73.

The KnowBe4 Security Awareness Training application before 2020-01-10 contains a redirect function that does not validate the destination URL before redirecting. The response has a SCRIPT element that sets window.location.href to an arbitrary https URL.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Webilia Inc. Listdom allows Phishing. This issue affects Listdom: from n/a through 4.0.0.

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Arthur Yarwood Fast eBay Listings allows Phishing. This issue affects Fast eBay Listings: from n/a through 2.12.15.

Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 137.0.2 and Thunderbird < 128.9.2.