CVE Database - Code Injection

A vulnerability was determined in modelscope agentscope up to 1.0.18. Affected by this vulnerability is the function execute_python_code/execute_shell_command of the file src/AgentScope/tool/_coding/_python.py. This manipulation causes code injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A flaw has been found in langflow-ai langflow up to 1.8.3. This affects an unknown function of the file src/frontend/src/modals/IOModal/components/chatView/chatMessage/components/edit-message.tsx of the component Frontend React Component Rendering. Executing a manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was determined in brikcss merge up to 1.3.0. This affects an unknown part. Executing a manipulation of the argument __proto__/constructor.prototype/prototype can lead to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes. The attack may be performed from remote. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was found in ComfyUI up to 0.13.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file server.py of the component View Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability has been found in ComfyUI up to 0.13.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function getuserdata of the file app/user_manager.py of the component userdata Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A weakness has been identified in Wavlink WL-WN579A3 220323. This affects the function sub_401F80 of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi. This manipulation of the argument Hostname causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. Upgrading the affected component is recommended. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. In versions prior to 8.0.1 and 7.5.5, attackers can inject arbitrary code in the "type" fields of protobuf definitions, which will then execute during object decoding using that definition. Versions 8.0.1 and 7.5.5 patch the issue.

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

A flaw has been found in lukevella rallly up to 4.7.4. This affects an unknown function of the file apps/web/src/app/[locale]/(auth)/reset-password/components/reset-password-form.tsx of the component Reset Password Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument redirectTo can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. Upgrading to version 4.8.0 mitigates this issue. Upgrading the affected component is advised. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

A vulnerability was detected in classroombookings up to 2.17.0. This impacts the function read of the file crbs-core/application/views/layout.php of the component User Display Name Handler. The manipulation of the argument displayname results in cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.17.1 will fix this issue. The patch is identified as 69c3c9bb8a17f1ea572d8f4502bf238f0214c98a. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

SiYuan is an open-source personal knowledge management system. In versions 3.6.3 and below, Mermaid diagrams are rendered with securityLevel set to "loose", and the resulting SVG is injected into the DOM via innerHTML. This allows attacker-controlled javascript: URLs in Mermaid code blocks to survive into the rendered output. On desktop builds using Electron, windows are created with nodeIntegration enabled and contextIsolation disabled, escalating the stored XSS to arbitrary code execution when a victim opens a note containing a malicious Mermaid block and clicks the rendered diagram node. This issue has been fixed in version 3.6.4.

OWASP BLT is a QA testing and vulnerability disclosure platform that encompasses websites, apps, git repositories, and more. Versions prior to 2.1.1 contain an RCE vulnerability in the .github/workflows/regenerate-migrations.yml workflow. The workflow uses the pull_request_target trigger to run with full GITHUB_TOKEN write permissions, copies attacker-controlled files from untrusted pull requests into the trusted runner workspace via git show, and then executes python manage.py makemigrations, which imports Django model modules including attacker-controlled website/models.py at runtime. Any module-level Python code in the attacker's models.py is executed during import, enabling arbitrary code execution in the privileged CI environment with access to GITHUB_TOKEN and repository secrets. The attack is triggerable by any external contributor who can open a pull request, provided a maintainer applies the regenerate-migrations label, potentially leading to secret exfiltration, repository compromise, and supply chain attacks. A patch for this issue is expected to be released in version 2.1.1.

Weblate is a web based localization tool. In versions prior to 5.17, the project backup didn't filter Git and Mercurial configuration files which could lead to remote code execution under certain circumstances. This issue has been fixed in version 5.17. If developers are unable to update immediately, they can limit the scope of the vulnerability by restricting access to the project backup, as it is only accessible to users who can create projects.

Slah CMS v1.5.0 and below was discovered to contain a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the session() function at config.php. This vulnerability is exploitable via a crafted input.

OpenRemote is an open-source IoT platform. Versions 1.21.0 and below contain two interrelated expression injection vulnerabilities in the rules engine that allow arbitrary code execution on the server. The JavaScript rules engine executes user-supplied scripts via Nashorn's ScriptEngine.eval() without sandboxing, class filtering, or access restrictions, and the authorization check in RulesResourceImpl only restricts Groovy rules to superusers while leaving JavaScript rules unrestricted for any user with the write:rules role. Additionally, the Groovy rules engine has a GroovyDenyAllFilter security filter that is defined but never registered, as the registration code is commented out, rendering the SandboxTransformer ineffective for superuser-created Groovy rules. A non-superuser attacker with the write:rules role can create JavaScript rulesets that execute with full JVM access, enabling remote code execution as root, arbitrary file read, environment variable theft including database credentials, and complete multi-tenant isolation bypass to access data across all realms. This issue has been fixed in version 1.22.0.

The example example_xcom that was included in airflow documentation implemented unsafe pattern of reading value from xcom in the way that could be exploited to allow UI user who had access to modify XComs to perform arbitrary execution of code on the worker. Since the UI users are already highly trusted, this is a Low severity vulnerability. It does not affect Airflow release - example_dags are not supposed to be enabled in production environment, however users following the example could replicate the bad pattern. Documentation of Airflow 3.2.0 contains version of the example with improved resiliance for that case. Users who followed that pattern are advised to adjust their implementations accordingly.

October is a Content Management System (CMS) and web platform. Versions prior to 3.7.14 and 4.1.10 contain a server-side information disclosure vulnerability in the INI settings parser. Because PHP's parse_ini_string() function supports ${} syntax for environment variable interpolation, attackers with Editor access could inject patterns such as ${APP_KEY} or ${DB_PASSWORD} into CMS page settings fields, causing sensitive environment variables to be resolved, stored in the template, and returned to the attacker when the page was reopened. This could enable exfiltration of credentials and secrets (database passwords, AWS keys, application keys), potentially leading to further attacks such as database access or cookie forgery. The vulnerability is only relevant when cms.safe_mode is enabled, as direct PHP injection is already possible otherwise. This issue has been fixed in versions 3.7.14 and 4.1.10. If users are unable to immediately upgrade, they can workaround this issue by restricting Editor tool access to fully trusted administrators only, and ensuring database and cloud service credentials are not accessible from the web server's network.

A vulnerability was identified in OpenAI Codex CLI v0.23.0 and before that enables code execution through malicious MCP (Model Context Protocol) configuration files. The attack is triggered when a user runs the codex command inside a malicious or compromised repository. Codex automatically loads project-local .env and .codex/config.toml files without requiring user confirmation, allowing attackers to embed arbitrary commands that execute immediately.

The The Germanized for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution via 'account_holder' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 3.20.5. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. In versions below 4.5.139 of PraisonAI and 1.5.140 of praisonaiagents, the workflow engine is vulnerable to arbitrary command and code execution through untrusted YAML files. When praisonai workflow run <file.yaml> loads a YAML file with type: job, the JobWorkflowExecutor in job_workflow.py processes steps that support run: (shell commands via subprocess.run()), script: (inline Python via exec()), and python: (arbitrary Python script execution)—all without any validation, sandboxing, or user confirmation. The affected code paths include action_run() in workflow.py and _exec_shell(), _exec_inline_python(), and _exec_python_script() in job_workflow.py. An attacker who can supply or influence a workflow YAML file (particularly in CI pipelines, shared repositories, or multi-tenant deployment environments) can achieve full arbitrary command execution on the host system, compromising the machine and any accessible data or credentials. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.5.139 of PraisonAI and 1.5.140 of praisonaiagents.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Versions 4.5.138 and below are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution through automatic, unsanitized import of a tools.py file from the current working directory. Components including call.py (import_tools_from_file()), tool_resolver.py (_load_local_tools()), and CLI tool-loading paths blindly import ./tools.py at startup without any validation, sandboxing, or user confirmation. An attacker who can place a malicious tools.py in the directory where PraisonAI is launched (such as through a shared project, cloned repository, or writable workspace) achieves immediate arbitrary Python code execution in the host environment. This compromises the full PraisonAI process, the host system, and any connected data or credentials. This issue has been fixed in version 4.5.139.

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Versions 2.7.1 and below contain a sandbox escape vulnerability in the ToolExecutor component. By leveraging Python's ctypes library to execute raw system calls, an authenticated attacker with workspace privileges can bypass the LD_PRELOAD-based sandbox.so module to achieve arbitrary code execution via direct kernel system calls, enabling full network exfiltration and container compromise. The library intercepts critical standard system functions such as execve, system, connect, and open. It also intercepts mprotect to prevent PROT_EXEC (executable memory) allocations within the sandboxed Python processes, but pkey_mprotect is not blocked. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.

SAP Landscape Transformation contains a vulnerability in an RFC-exposed function module that could allow a high privileged adversary to inject arbitrary ABAP code and operating system commands. Due to this, some information could be modified, but the attacker does not have control over kind or degree. This leads to a low impact on integrity, while confidentiality and availability are not impacted.

Due to a Code Injection vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver Application Server Java (Web Dynpro Java), an unauthenticated attacker could supply crafted input that is interpreted by the application and causes it to reference attacker-controlled content. If a victim accesses the affected functionality, that attacker-controlled content could be executed in the victim�s browser, potentially resulting in session compromise. This could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary client-side code, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of the application, with no impact to availability.

A vulnerability was found in aandrew-me ytDownloader up to 3.20.2. Affected by this issue is the function createTextNode of the component Error Details Panel. The manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

A security vulnerability has been detected in DbGate up to 7.1.4. This affects an unknown function of the file packages/web/src/icons/FontIcon.svelte of the component SVG Icon String Handler. Such manipulation of the argument applicationIcon leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. Upgrading to version 7.1.5 mitigates this issue. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component.

In Phpgurukul Online Course Registration v3.1, an arbitrary file upload vulnerability was discovered within the profile picture upload functionality on the /my-profile.php page.

An issue in the <code>pickle</code> protocol of Pyro v3.x allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via supplying a crafted pickled string message.

The `/registercrd` endpoint in KubePlus 4.14 in the kubeconfiggenerator component is vulnerable to command injection. The component uses `subprocess.Popen()` with `shell=True` parameter to execute shell commands, and the user-supplied `chartName` parameter is directly concatenated into the command string without any sanitization or validation. An attacker can inject arbitrary shell commands by crafting a malicious `chartName` parameter value.

A weakness has been identified in code-projects Simple Content Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /web/admin/welcome.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument News Title can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.

A vulnerability has been found in 1Panel-dev MaxKB up to 2.4.2. Impacted is an unknown function of the file ui/src/chat.ts of the component MdPreview. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.5.0 is recommended to address this issue. The name of the patch is 7230daa5ec3e6574b6ede83dd48a4fbc0e70b8d8. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

A vulnerability has been found in PHPGurukul Company Visitor Management System 2.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /bwdates-reports-details.php. The manipulation of the argument fromdate leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Simple ChatBox up to 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /chatbox/insert.php of the component Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument msg leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /checkupdatestatus.php. The manipulation of the argument serviceId leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A security flaw has been discovered in Dromara warm-flow up to 1.8.4. Impacted is the function SpelHelper.parseExpression of the file /warm-flow/save-json of the component Workflow Definition Handler. The manipulation of the argument listenerPath/skipCondition/permissionFlag results in code injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.

A vulnerability was identified in FoundationAgents MetaGPT up to 0.8.1. This affects the function generate_thoughts of the file metagpt/strategy/tot.py of the component Tree-of-Thought Solver. The manipulation leads to code injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A flaw has been found in 1Panel-dev MaxKB up to 2.6.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file apps/common/middleware/chat_headers_middleware.py of the component ChatHeadersMiddleware. This manipulation of the argument Name causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. Upgrading to version 2.8.0 is capable of addressing this issue. Patch name: 026a2d623e2aa5efa67c4834651e79d5d7cab1da. Upgrading the affected component is advised. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

A vulnerability was detected in 1Panel-dev MaxKB up to 2.2.1. This vulnerability affects the function StaticHeadersMiddleware of the file apps/common/middleware/static_headers_middleware.py of the component Public Chat Interface. The manipulation of the argument Name results in cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.8.0 is able to resolve this issue. The patch is identified as 026a2d623e2aa5efa67c4834651e79d5d7cab1da. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI's AST-based Python sandbox can be bypassed using type.__getattribute__ trampoline, allowing arbitrary code execution when running untrusted agent code. The _execute_code_direct function in praisonaiagents/tools/python_tools.py uses AST filtering to block dangerous Python attributes like __subclasses__, __globals__, and __bases__. However, the filter only checks ast.Attribute nodes, allowing a bypass. The sandbox relies on AST-based filtering of attribute access but fails to account for dynamic attribute resolution via built-in methods such as type.getattribute, resulting in incomplete enforcement of security restrictions. The string '__subclasses__' is an ast.Constant, not an ast.Attribute, so it is never checked against the blocked list. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI automatically loads a file named tools.py from the current working directory to discover and register custom agent tools. This loading process uses importlib.util.spec_from_file_location and immediately executes module-level code via spec.loader.exec_module() without explicit user consent, validation, or sandboxing. The tools.py file is loaded implicitly, even when it is not referenced in configuration files or explicitly requested by the user. As a result, merely placing a file named tools.py in the working directory is sufficient to trigger code execution. This behavior violates the expected security boundary between user-controlled project files (e.g., YAML configurations) and executable code, as untrusted content in the working directory is treated as trusted and executed automatically. If an attacker can place a malicious tools.py file into a directory where a user or automated system (e.g., CI/CD pipeline) runs praisonai, arbitrary code execution occurs immediately upon startup, before any agent logic begins. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Vehicle Showroom Management System 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /BranchManagement/ServiceAndSalesReport.php. The manipulation of the argument BRANCH_ID leads to cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A flaw has been found in code-projects Vehicle Showroom Management System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /BranchManagement/ProfitAndLossReport.php. Executing a manipulation of the argument BRANCH_ID can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

A vulnerability was found in code-projects Simple Laundry System 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /checkcheckout.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument serviceId results in cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

A security vulnerability has been detected in code-projects Simple IT Discussion Forum 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /admin/user.php. Such manipulation of the argument fname leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

A flaw has been found in FoundationAgents MetaGPT up to 0.8.1. This vulnerability affects the function ActionNode.xml_fill of the file metagpt/actions/action_node.py of the component XML Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through a pull request but has not reacted yet.

A vulnerability was detected in FoundationAgents MetaGPT up to 0.8.1. This affects the function check_solution of the component HumanEvalBenchmark/MBPPBenchmark. Performing a manipulation results in code injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through a pull request but has not reacted yet.

A Dynamic-link Library Injection vulnerability in OSGeo Project MapServer before v8.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted executable.

An issue was discovered in Kiamo before 8.4 allowing authenticated administrative attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server.

An authenticated remote attacker with high privileges can exploit the OpenVPN configuration via the web-based management interface of a WAGO PLC. If user-defined scripts are permitted, OpenVPN may allow the execution of arbitrary shell commands enabling the attacker to run arbitrary commands on the device.

A vulnerability was found in jeecgboot JimuReport up to 2.3.0. The affected element is the function DriverManager.getConnection of the file /drag/onlDragDataSource/testConnection of the component Data Source Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument dbUrl results in code injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor confirmed the issue and will provide a fix in the upcoming release.