CVE Database - OS Command Injection

Emissary is a P2P based data-driven workflow engine. In versions 8.42.0 and below, Executrix.getCommand() is vulnerable to OS command injection because it interpolates temporary file paths into a /bin/sh -c shell command string without any escaping or input validation. The IN_FILE_ENDING and OUT_FILE_ENDING configuration keys flow directly into these paths, allowing a place author who can write or modify a .cfg file to inject arbitrary shell metacharacters that execute OS commands in the JVM process's security context. The framework already sanitizes placeName via an allowlist before embedding it in the same shell string, but applies no equivalent sanitization to file ending values. No runtime privileges beyond place configuration authorship, and no API or network access, are required to exploit this vulnerability. This is a framework-level defect with no safe mitigation available to downstream implementors, as Executrix provides neither escaping nor documented preconditions against metacharacters in file ending inputs. This issue has been fixed in version 8.43.0.

radare2 prior to commit bc5a890 contains a command injection vulnerability in the afsv/afsvj command path where crafted ELF binaries can embed malicious r2 command sequences as DWARF DW_TAG_formal_parameter names. Attackers can craft a binary with shell commands in DWARF parameter names that execute when radare2 analyzes the binary with aaa and subsequently runs afsvj, allowing arbitrary shell command execution through the unsanitized parameter interpolation in the pfq command string.

xrdp is an open source RDP server. Versions through 0.10.5 allow an authenticated remote user to execute arbitrary commands on the server due to unsafe handling of the AlternateShell parameter in xrdp-sesman. When the AllowAlternateShell setting is enabled (which is the default when not explicitly configured), xrdp accepts a client-supplied AlternateShell value and executes it via /bin/sh -c during session initialization. This results in shell-interpreted execution of unsanitized, user-controlled input. This behavior effectively provides a scriptable remote command execution primitive over RDP within the security context of the authenticated user, occurring prior to normal window manager startup. This can bypass expected session initialization flows and operational assumptions that restrict execution to interactive desktop environments. This issue has been fixed in version 0.10.6.

Dolibarr is an enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM) software package. In versions prior to 23.0.0 , the ODT to PDF conversion process in odf.php concatenates the MAIN_ODT_AS_PDF configuration constant directly into a shell command passed to exec() without sanitization. An authenticated administrator can inject arbitrary OS commands via this constant using command separators, achieving remote code execution as the web server user when any ODT template is generated. This issue has been fixed in version 23.0.0.

A vulnerability was found in Wavlink WL-WN530H4 20220721. This vulnerability affects the function strcat/snprintf of the file /cgi-bin/internet.cgi. The manipulation results in os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. Upgrading to version 2026.04.16 is able to resolve this issue. Upgrading the affected component is recommended.

Dell PowerProtect Data Domain, versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.7.0.0, LTS2025 release versions 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.20, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.60 contain an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS Command Injection vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary command execution with root privileges.

Dell PowerProtect Data Domain, versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.7.0.0, LTS2025 release versions 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.20, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.60 contain an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command injection vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary command execution with root privileges.

Dell PowerProtect Data Domain, versions 7.7.1.0 through 8.7.0.0, LTS2025 release versions 8.3.1.0 through 8.3.1.20, LTS2024 release versions 7.13.1.0 through 7.13.1.60 contain an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command ('OS command injection') vulnerability. A high privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary command execution with root privileges.

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in CubeCart prior to 6.6.0, which may allow a user with an administrative privilege to execute an arbitrary OS command.

sagredo qmail before 2026.04.07 allows tls_quit remote code execution because of popen in notlshosts_auto in qmail-remote.c.

The  iSherlock developed by HGiga  has an OS Command Injection vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated local attackers to inject arbitrary OS commands and execute them on the server.

radare2 before 9236f44, when configured on UNIX without SSL, allows command injection via a PDB name to rabin2 -PP. NOTE: although users are supposed to use the latest version from git (not a release), the date range for the vulnerable code was less than a week, occurring after 6.1.2 but before 6.1.3.

Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::syncCodeBase() method, which appends the $sourceReference parameter to a shell command without proper escaping, and additionally in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method as in GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p / CVE-2026-40176, which interpolates user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) from the source url field without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through crafted source reference or source url values containing shell metacharacters, even if Perforce is not installed. Unlike CVE-2026-40176, the source reference and url are provided as part of package metadata, meaning any compromised or malicious Composer repository can serve package metadata declaring perforce as a source type with malicious values. This vulnerability is exploitable when installing or updating dependencies from source, including the default behavior when installing dev-prefixed versions. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline). If developers are unable to immediately update, they can avoid installing dependencies from source by using --prefer-dist or the preferred-install: dist config setting, and only use trusted Composer repositories as a workaround.

Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method, which constructs shell commands by interpolating user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through these values in a malicious composer.json declaring a Perforce VCS repository, leading to command execution in the context of the user running Composer, even if Perforce is not installed. VCS repositories are only loaded from the root composer.json or the composer config directory, so this cannot be exploited through composer.json files of packages installed as dependencies. Users are at risk if they run Composer commands on untrusted projects with attacker-supplied composer.json files. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline).

radare2 prior to version 6.1.4 contains a command injection vulnerability in the PDB parser's print_gvars() function that allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands by embedding a newline byte in the PE section header name field. Attackers can craft a malicious PDB file with specially crafted section names to inject r2 commands that are executed when the idp command processes the file.

Podman is a tool for managing OCI containers and pods. Versions 4.8.0 through 5.8.1 contain a command injection vulnerability in the HyperV machine backend in pkg/machine/hyperv/stubber.go, where the VM image path is inserted into a PowerShell double-quoted string without sanitization, allowing $() subexpression injection. Because PowerShell evaluates subexpressions inside double-quoted strings before executing the outer command, an attacker who can control the VM image path through a crafted machine name or image directory can execute arbitrary PowerShell commands with the privileges of the Podman process. On typical Windows installations this means SYSTEM-level code execution, and only Windows is affected as the code is exclusive to the HyperV backend. This issue has been patched in version 5.8.2.

Chamilo LMS is an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 2.0.0-RC.3, an OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in the main/inc/ajax/gradebook.ajax.php endpoint within the export_all_certificates action, where the course code retrieved from the session variable $_SESSION['_cid'] via api_get_course_id() is concatenated directly into a shell_exec() command string without sanitization or escaping using escapeshellarg(). If an attacker can manipulate or poison their session data to inject shell metacharacters into the _cid variable, they can achieve arbitrary command execution on the underlying server. Successful exploitation grants full access to read system files and credentials, alters the application and database, or disrupts server availability. This issue has been fixed in version 2.0.0-RC.3.

openITCOCKPIT is an open source monitoring tool built for different monitoring engines. openITCOCKPIT Community Edition prior to version 5.5.2 contains a command injection vulnerability that allows an authenticated user with permission to add or modify hosts to execute arbitrary OS commands on the monitoring backend. The vulnerability arises because user-controlled host attributes (specifically the host address) are expanded into monitoring command templates without validation, escaping, or quoting. These templates are later executed by the monitoring engine (Nagios/Icinga) via a shell, resulting in remote code execution. Version 5.5.2 patches the issue.

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSandbox 4.4.0 through 4.4.8 may allow attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via <insert attack vector here>

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. In versions below 4.5.139 of PraisonAI and 1.5.140 of praisonaiagents, the workflow engine is vulnerable to arbitrary command and code execution through untrusted YAML files. When praisonai workflow run <file.yaml> loads a YAML file with type: job, the JobWorkflowExecutor in job_workflow.py processes steps that support run: (shell commands via subprocess.run()), script: (inline Python via exec()), and python: (arbitrary Python script execution)—all without any validation, sandboxing, or user confirmation. The affected code paths include action_run() in workflow.py and _exec_shell(), _exec_inline_python(), and _exec_python_script() in job_workflow.py. An attacker who can supply or influence a workflow YAML file (particularly in CI pipelines, shared repositories, or multi-tenant deployment environments) can achieve full arbitrary command execution on the host system, compromising the machine and any accessible data or credentials. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.5.139 of PraisonAI and 1.5.140 of praisonaiagents.

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. In versions 2.7.1 and below, an incomplete sandbox protection mechanism allows an authenticated user with tool execution privileges to escape the LD_PRELOAD-based sandbox. By env command the attacker can clear the environment variables and drop the sandbox.so hook, leading to unrestricted Remote Code Execution (RCE) and network access. MaxKB restricts untrusted Python code execution via the Tool Debug API by injecting sandbox.so through the LD_PRELOAD environment variable. This intercepts sensitive C library functions (like execve, socket, open) to restrict network and file access. However, a patch allowed the /usr/bin/env utility to be executed by the sandboxed user. When an attacker is permitted to create subprocesses, they can execute the env -i python command. The -i flag instructs env to completely clear all environment variables before running the target program. This effectively drops the LD_PRELOAD environment variable. The newly spawned Python process will therefore execute natively without any sandbox hooks, bypassing all network and file system restrictions. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Versions 2.7.1 and below contain an incomplete fix for CVE-2025-53928, where a Remote Code Execution vulnerability still exists in the MCP node of the workflow engine. MaxKB only restricts the referencing code path (loading MCP config from the database). The else branch, responsible for loading mcp_servers directly from user-supplied JSON remains completely unpatched. Since mcp_source is an optional field (required=False), an attacker can simply omit it or set it to any non-referencing value to bypass the fix. By calling the workflow creation API directly with a crafted JSON payload, an attacker can inject a complete MCP node configuration with stdio transport, arbitrary command, and args — achieving RCE when the workflow is triggered via chat. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.

A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Affected by this issue is the function setPasswordCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Such manipulation of the argument admpass leads to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

simple-git enables running native Git commands from JavaScript. Versions up to and including 3.31.1 allow execution of arbitrary commands through Git option manipulation, bypassing safety checks meant to block dangerous options like -u and --upload-pack. The flaw stems from an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-25860, as Git's flexible option parsing allows numerous character combinations (e.g., -vu, -4u, -nu) to circumvent the regular-expression-based blocklist in the unsafe operations plugin. Due to the virtually infinite number of valid option variants that Git accepts, a complete blocklist-based mitigation may be infeasible without fully emulating Git's option parsing behavior. This issue has been fixed in version 3.32.0.

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerability allows OS Command Injection via Event Response execution. This issue affects Pandora FMS: from 777 through 800

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerability allows OS Command Injection via WebServerModuleDebug. This issue affects Pandora FMS: from 777 through 800

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerability allows OS Command Injection via Network Report. This issue affects Pandora FMS: from 777 through 800

LibreNMS versions before 26.3.0 are affected by an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability by abusing the Binary Locations config and the Netcommand feature. Successful exploitation requires administrative privileges. Exploitation could result in compromise of the underlying web server.

A flaw has been found in Totolink N300RH 6.1c.1353_B20190305. Affected is the function setUpgradeUboot of the file upgrade.so. This manipulation of the argument FileName causes os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This affects the function setIpQosRules of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument Comment leads to os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

A weakness has been identified in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313. The impacted element is the function setWanCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument pppoeServiceName can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.

A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The affected element is the function setWizardCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument wizard results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.

A vulnerability was determined in danielmiessler Personal_AI_Infrastructure up to 2.3.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file Skills/Parser/Tools/parse_url.ts. Executing a manipulation can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This patch is called 14322e87e58bf585cf3c7b9295578a6eb7dc4945. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

A vulnerability was found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This impacts the function UploadFirmwareFile of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument FileName results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

A vulnerability has been found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This affects the function UploadOpenVpnCert of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Such manipulation of the argument FileName leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A flaw has been found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The impacted element is the function setAccessDeviceCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. This manipulation of the argument mac causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

A vulnerability was determined in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Affected by this issue is the function setLedCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. This manipulation of the argument enable causes os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

A vulnerability was found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setTracerouteCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument command results in os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

A flaw has been found in chatboxai chatbox up to 1.20.0. This impacts the function StdioClientTransport of the file src/main/mcp/ipc-stdio-transport.ts of the component Model Context Protocol Server Management System. Executing a manipulation of the argument args/env can lead to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability has been found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This vulnerability affects the function setDiagnosisCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument ip leads to os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A flaw has been found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This affects the function setAppCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument enable can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

A vulnerability was detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Affected by this issue is the function setNetworkCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument proto results in os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.

A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setTtyServiceCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Such manipulation of the argument ttyEnable leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

A weakness has been identified in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. Affected is the function setRadvdCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. This manipulation of the argument maxRtrAdvInterval causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.

A vulnerability was found in 1Panel-dev MaxKB up to 2.6.1. The affected element is the function execute of the file apps/application/flow/step_node/mcp_node/impl/base_mcp_node.py of the component Model Context Protocol Node. Performing a manipulation results in os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. You should upgrade the affected component. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

aws-mcp-server AWS CLI Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of aws-mcp-server. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the allowed commands list. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the MCP server. Was ZDI-CAN-27969.

aws-mcp-server Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of aws-mcp-server. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the allowed commands list. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the MCP server. Was ZDI-CAN-27968.

ChargePoint Home Flex revssh Service Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of ChargePoint Home Flex devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of OCPP messages. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26338.

Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, Chamilo LMS contains an OS Command Injection vulnerability in the file move function. The move() function in fileManage.lib.php passes user-controlled path values directly into exec() shell commands without using escapeshellarg(). When a user moves a document via document.php, the move_to POST parameter — which only passes through Security::remove_XSS() (an HTML-only filter) — is concatenated directly into shell commands such as exec("mv $source $target"). By default, Chamilo allows all authenticated users to create courses (allow_users_to_create_courses = true). Any user who is a teacher in a course (including self-created courses) can move documents, making this vulnerability exploitable by any authenticated user. The attacker must first place a directory with shell metacharacters in its name on the filesystem (achievable via Course Backup Import), then move a document into that directory to trigger arbitrary command execution as the web server user (www-data). This vulnerability is fixed in 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3.

A vulnerability was detected in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. The affected element is the function setVpnAccountCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. The manipulation of the argument User results in os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.