Kong Gateway WAF vs F5 WAF for NGINX

Kong Gateway WAF

Model: Tiered (Plus per-gateway + Enterprise custom)

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F5 WAF for NGINX

Model: Per-instance annual subscription

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Kong Gateway WAF

• Gateway-Embedded WAF

  WAF runs as a plugin inside the Kong Gateway process, inspecting API traffic at the same layer where routing, authentication, and rate limiting occur. No separate WAF appliance or additional proxy hop needed.

• OWASP Top 10 Protection

  Built-in protection against common web application attacks including SQL injection, cross-site scripting, command injection, and path traversal at the API gateway layer.

• Plugin Ecosystem

  Over 100 plugins for security, traffic control, authentication, and observability. WAF works alongside bot detection, IP restriction, CORS, ACL, and rate limiting plugins in a configurable execution chain.

• Third-Party WAF Integrations

  Open plugin architecture supports third-party WAF engines including open-appsec (ML-driven detection) and Wallarm (API security). Teams can choose the WAF engine that fits their threat model.

• Kubernetes-Native Deployment

  Kong Ingress Controller and Kong Kubernetes Operator provide native Kubernetes integration. WAF policies can be managed declaratively through Kubernetes CRDs alongside gateway configuration.

• Hybrid Mode

  Cloud-managed control plane with self-hosted data planes. WAF policies are centrally managed and distributed to data planes running in any environment, including air-gapped networks.

• AI Gateway

  Dedicated AI gateway capabilities including LLM proxy, token-based rate limiting, semantic caching, PII sanitization, prompt guardrails, and MCP server proxy. WAF protects AI endpoints alongside traditional APIs.

• Declarative Configuration

  Gateway and WAF configuration can be managed as code through declarative YAML/JSON, enabling GitOps workflows and CI/CD pipeline integration for security policy changes.

• Advanced Rate Limiting

  Enterprise-grade rate limiting with sliding window counters, consumer groups, and cluster-wide synchronization. Works in conjunction with WAF to prevent both application-layer attacks and abuse.

F5 WAF for NGINX

• 7,800+ Attack Signatures

  F5's comprehensive threat signature database with continuous updates from F5's threat research team. Covers OWASP Top 10, CVE-specific signatures, and application-specific attack patterns.

• Declarative Security Policies

  WAF policies defined in JSON or YAML, designed for version control and CI/CD integration. Security-as-code approach where policies deploy alongside application code through the same pipelines.

• API Security

  Import OpenAPI/Swagger specifications to automatically enforce API contracts. Schema validation, parameter type checking, and rate limiting for REST, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs. Blocks requests that violate the API specification.

• ML-Powered DoS Protection

  Behavioral analytics using machine learning to detect and mitigate Layer 7 denial-of-service attacks. Learns normal traffic patterns and automatically identifies anomalous request rates, slow POST attacks, and resource exhaustion attempts.

• Bot Protection

  Multi-layered bot detection combining signature matching, anomaly detection, and behavioral analysis. Identifies credential stuffing bots, web scrapers, and automated vulnerability scanners.

• Kubernetes Ingress WAF

  Native WAF support in the NGINX Ingress Controller. Attach WAF policies to specific ingress resources for per-service or per-route security. Policies managed through Kubernetes CRDs and annotations.

• NGINX One Visual Editor

  The NGINX One console provides a GUI-based WAF policy editor, replacing the original CLI-only configuration. Security teams can create, modify, and monitor WAF policies through a web interface without writing JSON.

• Request and Response Inspection

  Inspects both incoming requests and outgoing responses. Response inspection catches data leakage, error messages that reveal application internals, and sensitive data exposure.